Improvement of characteristics of aluminum alloys is a topical issue because of increasing requirements to weight efficiency of advanced structures for aeronautic and mechanical engineering. One of ways to improve strength of aluminum alloys is the alloying with elements, which modifies structure. This paper deals with the results of research of the influence of scandium and cobalt on microstructure of ingots and extruded profiles of aluminum alloy of 1913 type as well as their influence on tensile strength and corrosion resistance after complete cycle of heat treatment. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific direction 8.1 «High-strength welded aluminum and aluminum - lithium alloys with lower density andincreased fracture toughness» («The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period till 2030»)

Influence of high-temperature thermomechanical treatment on structure and mechanical properties of high-strength corrosion-resistant steel of the grade 17H13N4К6SАМ3ch microalloyed by rare-earth metals is investigated. It is shown that high-temperature thermomechanical treatment at an optimum mode reduces average grain size in ~5 times in comparison with standard heat treatment. The content of retained austenite thus increases from 12 to 17%. Test results of mechanical properties of samples after high-temperature thermomechanical treatment have shown a noticeable gain of yield point, unit elongation and reduction of area, impact toughness (of KCU and KCV) in comparison with properties after standard heat treatment. Application of high-temperature thermomechanical processing allows to implement the effect of fine grain, developed substructure and positive influence of retained austenite on strength and plastic properties of steel 17H13N4К6SАМ3ch. Work is executed within implementatio

Determination of low niobium content (0,01–0,1 wt. %) in the alloys having in their composition a large amount of alloying elements (which obstruct this determination), is a difficult task. Such types of alloys as steels, especially high-strength, are constantly subjected to modifications of their chemical composition to give them new properties, such as those associated with the impact toughness at various temperatures, lower thermal coefficient of linear expansion, temperature of hot forming and others. Niobium in small amounts (less than 0,9 wt. %) is added to various kinds of steel (chromium-nickel, high-strength, corrosion-resistant, high-strength welded, cemented, etc.). To control the low niobium content (0,01 wt. % higher) in high-strength steels with high accuracy (about 10% rel.) a method of spectrophotometric determination of niobium with reagent sulfochlorophenol C was developed. Niobium was preconcentrated at zirconium collector which was used in the course of analysis

Technological and mechanical properties of epoxy binders suitable for producing structural composite materials based on such aromatic curing agents as 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2,6-diisopropylaniline), 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2-isopropyl-6-methylaniline), bis-(4-amino-2-chloro-3,5-diethylphenyl) methane and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone are studied. Particle size distribution of the samples of 4,4' diaminodiphenylsulfone curing agent and its impact on the process of dissolution in epoxy resins are studied as well. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific directions 13.1. «Binding for polymeric and composite materials of structural and special purposes », 13.2. «Structural PСM» («The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period till 2030»)

In this work a compatibility of the components of polymer composition «polysulfone–epoxy oligomer» has been studied by rheological method. The processes and factors influencing the solubility of polysulfone in epoxides of different molecular structure have been established. Samples have been studied both in rotation and oscillation conditions. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific direction 13.1. «Binding for polymeric and composite materials of structural and special purposes» («The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period till 2030»)

This paper discusses a difference between fibrous, cellular and grained sound-absorbing materials on structure and properties. A comparative analysis of different porous sound-absorbing materials based on their performance at 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz is provided The effect of the thickness of material on its sound absorption at different frequencies is discussed. The through macroporosity was found to affect the acoustic properties of material. Fibrous materials, including nonwoven fabrics made of PET or glass wool, were found to have the best sound absorbing properties at 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz. The data provided in this paper can be used for a comparative evaluation of sound absorbing materials in frequency range from 250 to 2000 Hz. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific direction 15.3. «Materials and coatings for protection against EMЕ, shock, vibration, acoustic and electric influences» («The strategic directions of development of materials and

The sorption of water by epoxy-based nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes in glassy and rubber states of polymer matrix was studied. It was shown, that at sorption of water by polymer matrix in glassy state the addition of carbon nanotubes causes decreasing of both the average diffusion coefficient and water uptake. The hydrothermal aging above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of polymer matrix results in inverse correlation. It is suggested, that the lower water sorption below Tg originates from reduced cure degree of polymer matrix and enhanced rate of structural relaxation of nano-modified polymer causing «mobility freezing» of polymer chains and, as a result, decreasing of water diffusion coefficient in polymer matrix. Enhanced water sorption by nano-modified composite above Tg, originates, probably, from a bigger fraction of free volume in polymer matrix. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific directions 13.1. «Binding for polymeric and composite

It is known that porosity in polymeric composite materials (PCM) exerts a considerable impact on strength properties of the products working in the conditions of bending, compression and shearing load. Now in Federal state unitary enterprise «All-Russian scientific research institute of aviation materials» the works on creation of pore-free PCM produced by methods of autoclave and out-of-autoclave molding are conducted according to the strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period up to 2030 (13.2. «Structural PCM») [1]. The purpose of this work is the identification of main sources of porosity formation when manufacturing PCM by different methods. It is established on the tested flat samples collected from humidified prepregs molded in the autoclave or under vacuum that the main source of porosity formation is the moisture containing in binding and reinforcing fillers. Results of the study of feasibility of carbon plastics produ

The process of urethane formation of varnish compositions based on fluorinated oligomers was investigated. Reaction of producing conformal coatings based on film-forming fluoropolyurethanes was presented and their adhesion, physical- mechanical, electroinsulating properties and water absorption were investigated in the article. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific direction 17.7. «Paint- and- lacquer materials and coatings on polymeric basis» («The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period till 2030»)

With use of complex of metallophysical methods the research of physical-chemical, structural and phase conditions of the surface layer before and after modifying is carried out by means of radiation by high-current electron beams of samples with heat-resisting condensed ion-plasma coatings of three different compositions on 5 chosen modes at variation of values of electron energy and pulse number. Work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific direction 2.1. «Fundamental-oriented researches» («The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period till 2030»)

Stability of strength characteristics of polymeric composite materials (layered carbon fiber and fiberglass based on epoxy binder) by results of natural weathering tests in four climatic zones has been evaluated. Calculation of effective values of temperature and air humidity for each zone of exposure is carried out. The interrelation between change of mechanical characteristics of polymeric composite materials and change of surface profile of the samples determined by method of optical microscopy is shown. The work is executed within implementation of the complex scientific direction 18.3. «Modeling and forecasting of climatic tolerance» («The strategic directions of development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period till 2030»)

Using device R5035 the corrosion rate, expressed as current units (A/sm2), of different protective and functional coatings, deposited on steel 12H18N9T was assessed. Samples with galvanic nickel, nickel-cobalt, tin and zinc coatings were investigated. Measurements of polarization resistance were carried out in a 3% aqueous solution of NaCl with the addition of 1 ml of HCl per 100 ml of solution. Polarization resistance of pairs of samples with similar coatings was defined for forward and reverse polarization current, amounting to 800 Ω for nickel, 700 Ω for nickel-cobalt, 96 Ω for tin, 6 Ω for zinc and550 Ω for steel without coating. From the values of polarization resistance the corrosion rate of coatings in the current units was calculated and the comparison of obtained values with the sample mass loss per surface unit was given. Using «Olympus» microscope the depth of the pits formed on the surface of coatings was assessed. Work is executed within implementation of the comp