The review considers behavior of components during segregation along the casting height when directional solidification is performed with a flat front and shows practical application of this technique to solve problems of physical metallurgy of nickel-based alloys. Such problems include precise determination of temperature and composition of peritectic and eutectic reactions in nickel-based alloys of the binary system Ni–Al; determination of the solubility of W and Re in the γʹ- and β-phases of nickel-based alloys of the ternary systems Ni–Al–W and Ni–Al–Re; the solubility of Re and Ru in the γʹ- and β-phases in the quaternary system Ni–Al–Re–Ru, determination of the lattice spacing and interdiffusion coefficients in the γ-solid solution of nickel in the binary system Ni–Re.

The article presents the mechanical properties of blades forgings from VT6 alloy, manufactured using three methods – a bulk stamping followed by single-stage annealing; a combination of a high-temperature annealing stage with heating for calibration and subsequent aging, as well as the high-temperature thermomechanical treatment method, which consists of heating for stamping, stamping calibration followed by quenching in water and aging. Particular attention in the article is paid to the characteristics of plasticity and impact toughness, as well as fatigue strength, taking into account the current issues of ensuring the reliability of the material of the first stages of compressor blades of aircraft engines.

The article presents the results of research and development on basic technological synthesis parameters of Mo–Si–B system metal composite material (MCM) by EBM and SLS methods. Additionally, the paper provides the investigation of the mechanisms of interface formation and diffusion processes at the interface «matrix–strengthening agent» in the process of synthesis of blanks by EBM and SLS. The powders have been analyzed by scanning electron microscope imaging, the images from which show that the powder granules have a splinter shape.

The article presents the results of the work carried out at the NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – VIAM Research Center on the application of the hanging melt droplet extraction method to obtain fibers from cobalt alloys of the Co–Cr–W system. The conducted studies have shown that during the quenching of the melt in alloys of the Co–Cr–W system, the amorphous state is fixed, while most of the structure of the obtained fibers is replaced by an amorphous phase. The justified modes of heat treatment providing crystallization of the amorphous phase are given. It is shown that after heat treatment, an increase in the amount of solid solutions based on Co occurs in the obtained samples.

The article provides examples of the practical application of modern surface treatment methods for bonding, such as the use of a sacrificial layer during formation of polymer composite materials, sandblasting, plasma treatment, and other methods that contribute to enhancing strength of adhesive joints made of metallic materials and polymer composite materials in aircraft structures. The results of domestic and foreign researches aimed at developing advanced technologies for polymer composite materials surface preparation for bonding are presented.

The article observes a theoretical method of quantum chemistry that has been used to study the chemical reaction of 1,2-dimethyldisilene formation from methylsilylene. During the study the geometric parameters and thermodynamic characteristics of the structural isomers of 1,2-dimethyldisilene were determined. The study has defined that the reaction of 1,2-dimethyldisilene formation from methylsilylene is exothermic and occurs spontaneously at temperatures below 1570 K, at the same time the rate of the chemical reaction under study increases significantly with the decreasing of the temperature.

In the article the microstructure, phase composition and resistance of Ni-Resist cast iron to abrasive wear without treatment and after low-temperature electrolysis-free boriding were studied. The results of the study showed that boriding using the experimental composition made it possible to form a diffusion layer with a hardness of up to 1800 HV 0,1, to increase abrasive resistance at an attack angle of 30°, while increasing the attack angle to 60 and 90° has led to a decrease in abrasive resistance.

The article provides information on the change in color distance and a reliable forecast model for this process during natural exposure of paint coating systems for 7 years in a moderately warm climate. It is revealed that the seasonality effect, previously detected based on data for 1 year of exposure, decreases after 3,5 years and is not observed after 5 years of exposure. It is proven that it is possible to reliably forecast changes in color characteristics for up to 7 years after analyzing experimental data for 5 years of natural exposure.

The article considers the calculated dependencies of changes in the humidity and temperature in the volume and on the surface of a material sample under the influence of the wind. The study considers a case of the absence of free moisture on the surface. It is shown that the wind effect on the humidity of the surface is about affecting the surface temperature due to the viscous friction forces near the surface of the material sample. At the same time, free moisture in capillaries evaporates at a constant rate. Sorbed moisture, depending on the gradient of moisture concentration, temperature, and partial pressure of moisture in the bulk of the material, is removed at a decreasing rate.