In this work, using the method of transmission electron microscopy, the mechanisms of grain structure formation during hot deformation and microstructure formation during subsequent full heat treatment in the two-phase (γ + γ′)-region of an experimental nickel-based superalloy with zero γ/γ'-misfit for gas turbine engine disks have been identified. The chemical composition of this alloy was developed based on a granular nickel-based superalloy VZh178P using the method of computer design. Creep mechanisms at temperatures of 750 and 850 °C for an experimental deformed alloy in a heat-treated state were analyzed.

This review analyzes the influence of alloying elements on the mechanical properties of granulated high-temperature nickel alloys. It is shown that the introduction of alloying elements such as Al, Ti, W, Mo, Nb, Ta, and Hf into the alloys contributes to material strengthening. Alloying with γ-forming elements such as Co and Cr leads to an increased creep resistance at temperatures up to 750 °C and heat resistance. A small content of microalloying elements such as B and Zr also has a positive effect on ductility.

The article discusses the production of large-diameter «ring» capsules with a diameter-to-height ratio of more than 8 and massive large-diameter capsules with a diameter of up to 1000 mm for subsequent production of disk blanks by hot isostatic pressing. The features of filling the capsules with granules in a horizontal position are considered. The shape change of compact blanks after hot isostatic pressing is analyzed and shrinkage coefficients are calculated. The factors that affect the shape change of compact disk blanks and the shrinkage coefficients are examined.

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the deformation hardening of a NiCoCrWReNbAlTiC system heat-resistant alloy, made by casting, hot plastic deformation and selective laser sintering. It is established that materials produced by selective laser sintering method with further heat treatment demonstrate the highest deformation hardening characteristics with a relative contribution of up to 70 %. The material after hot plastic deformation with subsequent heat treatment shows maximum values of the hardening modulus (460.4 MPa at ε  = 0.1).

This article describes studies of the microstructure of high-carbon complex-alloyed steel blanks after various hot plastic deformation (forging) modes and subsequent preliminary heat treatment (annealing). The dependence of the steel microstructure during final heat treatment on the choice of temperature-time characteristics for hot plastic deformation and subsequent preliminary heat treatment is demonstrated. The influence of steel microstructure on the machinability of blanks during mechanical processing is described.

The widespread use of titanium alloys in the aviation sector requires the development of standard samples necessary for precise determination and control of hydrogen content levels in these materials. The study investigates the influence of hydrogenation factors such as holding time, electrolyte composition, and the concentration of active salts and acids in it, as well as direct current voltage on the process of hydrogen saturation of the VT14 type titanium alloy. An analysis has been conducted of hydrogen content and distribution in samples obtained under various hydrogenation conditions.

The article describes the results of a research on polycondensation «in situ» in the processes of partial hydrolysis of C₂H₅O(CH₃)₂SiOSi(CH₃)₂OC₂H₅. The influence of the molar ratio of reagents on the oligomeric composition of the partial hydrolysis products and the dependence of the monomer conversion degree on conversion of functional groups are presented. A comparison of the patterns of macromolecules formation in the processes of partial hydrolysis of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-1,3-diethoxydisiloxane and homofunctional condensation of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane-1,3-diol is carried out.

An assessment was made of the impact of operational factors on the physical and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) based on adhesive prepregs developed by the Kurchatov Institute – VIAM. The changes in tensile strength, compressive strength and flexural strength after exposure to elevated temperatures were demonstrated for CFRPs with various forms of carbon fillers. The properties of carbon fiber reinforcements and their potential impact on changes in CFRP performance after climatic exposure were examined.

In the study the technological and operational characteristics of the epoxy resin system VSE-81, developed at the NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – VIAM, are considered. The results of gelation and rheological tests are presented. Mechanical properties are obtained by stretching VSE-81 samples cured according to the selected mode, and the conversion rate is determined by the DSC method. We compared the mechanical characteristics of microplastics based on UMT49S-12K-EP carbon fiber with VSE-81 binder and its imported analogue. The results of microstructural research interpreted using a model of the microcomposite structure of thermosetting polymers are presented.

Methods of preparation and main directions of application of carriers of heterogeneous catalysts based on aluminum oxide are considered. Some aspects of the use of highly porous ceramic materials based on oxide fibers are shown, revealing the prospects of using this class of material as carriers of catalysts and catalytically active substances. The high efficiency of using catalysts on carriers made of such materials in promising processes for producing synthesis gas from oxygen and carbon dioxide conversions of methane is shown.

The review systematizes approaches to the development of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems on the basis of a multitude of palladium complexes for the Sonogashira reaction. Strategies for the controlled release of active metal particles that prevent the formation of inactive palladium black are thoroughly covered. The advantages of immobilization on magnetic supports are shown, allowing reactions to be carried out under mild conditions with the possibility of repeated use of the catalyst. The potential of phthalocyanine complexes, which allow obtaining biologically active compounds with high products yields, is noted.

The second part of the series of articles analyzes the degradation processes of paint coatings and the mechanisms of toxic components’ release. The key factors of coating destruction during operation are considered: climatic (temperature, UV radiation, humidity) and mechanical loads. The physicochemical mechanisms of damage, such as osmotic and electroosmotic blistering, leading to coating detachment and leaching of toxins, are described in detail. Special attention is paid to the composition of old paint coatings containing lead, mercury, cadmium and other persistent organic pollutants (POPs). It has been shown that when coatings are destroyed, these substances enter the water and soil, creating long-term risks to ecosystems and human health.

This article considers the current state and key development trends in the development of wear-resistant paint and varnish coatings for interiors in the aviation and construction industries. It summarizes the key principles of developing wear-resistant paint and varnish coatings. The main types of fillers used to produce wear-resistant paint and varnish coatings are discussed. The key approaches to ensuring the wear resistance of filled polymer coatings are identified.

In the article the adhesion of VSE-30 epoxy binder to fibers from various manufacturers was determined. The wettability of the carbon fiber surface by the epoxy binder was assessed. The article studies the relationship between horizontal impregnation and the adhesion strength. The carbon fibers are washed from the epoxy impregnation using a Soxhlet extractor. Photographs of the carbon fiber surface were obtained using a scanning electron microscope.

This study examined the effect of filler spatial orientation in polymer composite materials on fire hazard characteristics – heat release during combustion. The materials studied were carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) based on carbon tow and unidirectional carbon fabric. It was found that depending on the orientation of the specimen in the test holder (vertical filler fiber direction – [0°] or horizontal – [90°]), the heat release characteristics change, with the maximum heat release rate changing.

The taxonomic identification of mycelial fungal strains from the NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – VIAM collection was carried out using the methods of genome-wide taxonomy in the Kurchatov Genome Center. The article presents data on the molecular identification of strains of the following taxa: family Chaetomiaceae; order Pleosporales, genera Nothophoma, Didymella, Epicoccum; orders Hypocreales and Erysiphales, genera Purpureocillium, Beauveria; class Leotiomycetes, genus Botrytis, family Phacidiaceae; class Dothideomycetes, genera Delphinella, Aureobasidium; family Trichocomaceae, genus Talaromyces et al.