FSUE «VIAM», using gas atomization technology, has mastered the full cycle of producing metal powder compositions (MPC) from alloys of the Ni–Cr–Al–Y system, which are unique materials of a new generation and are applicable in the technology of atmospheric plasma spraying of coatings on critical parts and assemblies, including large ones. The obtained MPC are intended to replace foreign powders, the import of which is limited due to the introduction of economic sanctions against Russia. Studies of the structure and properties of the obtained MPC are carried out. Thermal coatings applied using the obtained MPC are characterized by high uniformity and uniform structure.

A review of femtosecond laser technologies for magneto-optical recording of information in alloys based on rare-earth (RE) and transition (TM) metals is presented. The review discusses the physical principles of momentum transfer from photons to electron spins of ions in thin RE–TM films. The recently discovered effects of the completely optical switching of magnetization in GdFeCo films and the emerging technological leap in shortening the recording time of magnetic information by several orders of magnitude (up to femtoseconds, instead of the nanoseconds taking place today) are discussed.

Information is given on the history of Russian rocket science, and the use of structural materials in rocket technology is shown. The contribution of VIAM employees to the development and implementation of light alloys in rocket and space technology products was demonstrated, as well as its development during the post-war space exploration and the «Cold War» between the USSR and the USA. Space programs and spacecraft are presented, in the construction of which light alloys developed at the institute are introduced.

The results of research on new modern materials for the manufacture of highly refractory ceramic molds for the production of castings from γ-TiAl alloys are presented. Technological, physical and chemical properties of yttrium oxide binder Sol (Y₂O₃) and aluminum oxide binder Sol (Al₂O₃) were tested.

Based on the results of studies of the main properties of yttrium oxide Sol, it was decided to stop further work with the binder as unpromising in terms of determining the possibility of its use for the manufacture of ceramic molds for the manufacture of castings from γ-TiAl alloys at the Leicomelt 5 furnace.

According to the study of the basic properties of water the binder Sol of aluminum oxide were obtained satisfactory results on the strength of the ceramic layer, it sintering during high-temperature firing, therefore it was decided to continue work on the study of the properties of a Sol of aluminum oxide to further develop the technology for the manufacture of ceramic molds for casting of γ-TiAl alloys on the Leicomelt 5 furnace.

A metal composite material (MMC) based on an aluminum cast alloy of the Al–Mg–Cu–Si system containing 65±1% (vol.) silicon carbide and obtained using vacuum compression impregnation technology was developed and studied. Porous preforms with different particle sizes of silicon carbide were obtained by cold compaction followed by melt impregnation of an aluminum alloy. The temperature coefficient of linear expansion (TCLE) was measured in the temperature range from -100 to +400 °С, and the density and volume content of a composite material with various particle sizes of silicon carbide were measured. It was found that with increasing particle size, the TCLE fraction decreases by 15–20% at 20 °C, due to the low content of interphase boundaries of theheterogeneous structure of the composite.

Silicon carbide-based ceramics with an addition of 1% wt. boron carbide were synthesized by spark plasma sintering at a firing temperature of 2000 °C. The resulting material had a three-point bending strength of 420±20 MPa, a relative density of 98,7% and an open porosity of 0,2%. The comparison of microstructure, phase composition, open porosity and relative density of ceramics obtained by pressureless sintering in the argon atmosphere and spark plasma sintering is carried out.

The paper presents a review of current information in the field of machining and production of permanent joints of low-filled and high-filled metal matrix composites (MMCs) based on aluminum alloys, reinforced with various reinforcing fillers. The comparison of technological methods of joining of aluminum MMCs obtained by different manufacturing methods is given. Such modern methods and technologies of forming and obtaining permanent joints of parts from aluminum МMCs as ultrasonic turning and milling, friction welding with mixing are considered, high power diode laser welding. The properties of reinforcing components for metal matrices and their influence on the wear of the cutting tool and the quality of the resulting surface are shown. Analysis of foreign experience for the appropriateness of decisions Lee–Schaeffer and Ernst–Merchant in processing of aluminum MMCs and technologies, laser welding and brazing of highly filled backings of Al–SiC. At the end of the review, conclusions are drawn and the latest trends in the field of aluminum MMCs processing and the formation of the connection of final products from them are indicated.

The work is devoted to production of heat-insulating materials from refractory fibers of aluminium oxide and silicon. Refractory fibres are prepared by sol-gel technology from highly viscous solutions based on precursors of water-soluble aluminium salts with addition of fibre-forming component to the solution. Methods of scanning differential calorimetry and gravimetric studies during heating have studied the processes of changing the composition and structure of oxide fibers. Mechanical properties of sealing cords with refractory fiber core were tested.

This paper summarizes the research results on the development of erosion-resistant coatings based on epoxy, polyurethane and polyimide film formers with heat resistance up to 350 °C. It was found that the erosion resistance of coatings depends not only on their strength and elongation, but also on their dynamic parameters and structure of fillers. Comparative data on the technological and physicomechanical properties of epoxy-polyamide, epoxy-rubber and polyurethane enamels intended for protection against impact-abrasive wear are given.

The article is devoted to the fractographic study of double fracture surfaces during standard tensile tests of samples of ball-bearing steel developed by FSUE VIAM. Double destruction occurred simultaneously either in two fillets, or in the working part of the sample with the formation of a thin plate. Such an unexpected failure was never realized when testing structural alloys with ultimate strength characteristics. A hypothesis was put forward about possible destruction by the spallation mechanism, but the version of multiple destruction was not rejected either. The fractographic analysis of the surface of fractures with high reliability confirms the hypothesis of spall fracture.

The content of impurities of 20 elements (P, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Tl, Pb, Bi) in nickel samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The technique of sample dissolution and its preparation for analysis is given. Spectral interference was eliminated using the equations of mathematical correction, the use of a reaction-collision cell, and also by selecting the plasma power. The correctness of the results is confirmed by analysis of a certified standard sample of nickel alloy. The range of determined concentrations: 0,00002–0,0101% of the mass.

In order to study characteristics of material under conditions of creep and superplasticity, a technique is proposed for determining an index of speed sensitivity of steady creep stress. Method is based on analysis of relaxation curves, i.e. dependence of reaction forces of tested samples on time in process of stress relaxation due to creep developing in them. The example shows the use of this technique to determine creep of mullite-based ceramic composite samples.