At the development stage, the composition of a polymer binder from the rheological point of view is based on the choice of viscosity at different temperatures and the duration of exposure to temperature. The main methods to determine the viscosity value of a polymer binder are rheological testing methods, implemented using rheological equipment of various brands, and measuring systems of different configurations. The study shows practical use of rheological equipment of various brands in control analysis, possibilities of rotational and oscillatory rheometry for determining binder curing modes in prepregs.

The results of cross-sectional microhardness measurements grade binders (compositions I–VII) are presented. Volumetric anisotropy coefficients are calculated, and the correlation between polymer matrix microhardness and the indenter scratch resistance parameter is studied. A comparative analysis of microhardness changes in the height direction of the samples and sclerograms obtained using an ST-01 laboratory scratch tester is conducted. For the low-flammability hot melt adhesive binder (composition VII), the optimal two-stage curing mode is selected, and the degree of polymer conversion is determined.

The article examines the differences in approaches of domestic aircraft developers to the formation of requirements for the design and production of cabin floor panels and baggage and cargo compartment made of polymer composite materials. The article examines the analysis of requirements for floor panels and baggage and cargo compartment of modern domestic aircraft: MS-21-300, SSJ-NEW, Il-114-300, Tu-214 and other models, taking into account world experience. The problems of unification of technical requirements and the possibility of using domestic developments in the design of various types of aircraft are considered.

This paper presents the results of a study of the characteristics and microstructure of samples of cold-curing polymer syntactic filler grade VPZ-25. Based on the results of testing the samples, a comparative analysis of the characteristics of VPZ-25 with the characteristics of a foreign analogue of cold-curing polymer filler was performed. Based on the results of preliminary testing of VPZ-25, a technology for filling honeycomb panels with VPZ-25 polymer filler for aircraft components was developed under various conditions. 

The article presents the features and regularities of the technology of obtaining highly heat-resistant low shrinkage silicon carbide by forming zones with different thermal conductivity in the porous structure of the material, increasing the strength and resistance to oxidation at temperatures up to 1600 °C, preventing the reduction of SiO₂ by silicon carbide at high temperatures.

The dependences of density, linear shrinkage and amount of binder during of pre-sintered ceramic samples on the specific surface of silicon carbide powders are presented. The effect of pre-sintered ceramic density on the strength of samples at temperatures of 20, 1400 and 1500 °C is demonstrated. Data are presented on the effect of impregnation of silicon carbide with a silicon organic compound and high-temperature treatment of ceramic samples in a nitrogen environment and in air on increasing the strength characteristics and resistance of ceramics to oxidation.

Materials of Fe–Ni–Al–Co and Pr–Nd–Dy–Fe–Co–B systems were studied in the article. Sintering and further heat treatment in the form of high temperature annealing, cooling in a magnetic field, and a stepwise annealing were performed. The effect of heat treatment on the magnetic properties of the samples, as well as the temperature coefficient of induction were investigated. It is shown that these sintered materials are similar in magnitude to AlNiCo magnets. The negative effect of neodymium impurity on the thermal stability of the material has been revealed. In order to improve temperature stability, it is necessary to increase the cobalt content.

Polymer composite materials are increasingly being used in the manufacture of rehabilitation equipment for the disabled, particularly in the production of prostheses and orthoses, including the use of prepregs processed by vacuum molding. The demand for materials in this industry is growing steadily, with imported materials primarily used, and import substitution is becoming increasingly important. NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – VIAM has developed a series of materials that can be used in this industry.

The article presents the stages of crack development in the structure of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) when impact loads are applied. The fracture process is a sequence of events in which the rate of formation and consolidation of defects occurs depending on the fundamental constants of the material. The mechanisms of damage formation for polymer composite materials (PCMs) with different reinforcement architectures are significantly different. Typical types of destruction are shown. The practical necessity of identifying, among other factors affecting the impact resistance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer, environmental influences is substantiated.

The article shows the influence of the factors of a moderately warm and very cold climates on the physical and mechanical properties of the material. The glass transition temperature decreases by 1 °C after 10 years of exposure in a very cold climate, and decreases by 3–6 °C in a moderately warm climate, compared to the initial state. Extreme climatic conditions have a more aggressive effect on composite reinforcement with an increase in diameter from 6 to 8 mm than in Gelendzhik, due to an increase in elastic stresses in the volume of the material. There is a significant decrease in the strength of σ_t by 15,4 %, σ_c by 14,9 % in Yakutsk conditions after exposure in an open area for 10 years.

The article presents the results of investigation of the following properties of fiber: geometric cross-sectional characteristics, crystal structure, mass fraction of the dressing, linear density and fiber density, geometric cross-sectional characteristics of microplastics, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and elongation at break of the microplastics. For carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) the following properties were determined: ultimate strength and modulus of elasticity under tension and bending, compressive strength, in-plane and interlaminar shear strength, curved beam strength, transversal strength, residual compressive strength after impact, specific interlaminar fracture toughness under Mode I and Mode II loading conditions. At the same time the microstructures of carbon fiber plastics were studied.

The influence of the composition of the powder mixture and of the heat treatment modes upon the formation of thermodiffusional aluminium-zinc coatings has been investigated. It was found that at a temperature of 450°С the coatings have aluminium based outer layer, at a temperature of 380 °С the aluminum content in the zinc is about 10 %. The obvious influence of the composition of the mixture and of the heat treatment regime on the corrosion properties has not been established, the corrosion current is in the order of 10^–6 А/cm², and the corrosion potential is about 0,9 V in 3 % NaCl solution.

The issues of improving the accuracy of visual corrosion monitoring are relevant and are not yet fully resolved. The main approaches to the quantitative assessment of corrosion damage to metal under paint coatings have been developed. The methods involving photography with a resolution over 30 megapixels and training the program on samples both without and with visible corrosion foci using modern computer vision technologies, neural network architectures and image processing methods will make it possible to automate and improve the accuracy of quantitative assessment of paint coatings damage.

Using laboratory samples as an example, a damage development model combining the assessment of the durability of the nucleation and propagation stages was tested. The LCF criterion based on the energy criterion determines the durability of the first stage of the kinetic diagram. The choice of the initial crack length for calculating the second stage is determined by the beginning of the linear section of the kinetic diagram. To calculate the residual durability, it is necessary to have a curve of the dependence of the SIF on the crack length for the geometry of the sample, the type of loading and the shape of the crack. The durability prediction error for the proposed model was 20 %.

An improved method for determining the adhesive bond strength between carbon fibers and an epoxy matrix using a loop pull-out test is considered. This modified test method makes it possible to determine the adhesive strength of fibers in the form of bundles and control the pressure during the formation of an adhesive contact. The adhesive strength of two grades of domestic carbon fibers with an epoxy binder was determined using the loop pull-out test. After the test, the failure zone was examined using an optical microscope.