The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the structural-phase characteristics and mechanical properties of <001> single crystals of the new carbon-containing nickel-based superalloys VZhL22 with 2 wt.% Re and its modification with 2,5 wt.% Ru (alloy VZhL22 + Ru). It was found that the studied alloys in the heat-treated condition demonstrated high phase stability during long-term strength testing and an increased level of mechanical properties. 

Alloy VZhL22 (d = 8,59 g/cm³) — E = 125 GPa (20 °C), $\sigma_{0,2}^{20^\circ} = 855 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{B}^{20^\circ} = 1130 \, \text{MPa}$, $\delta = 17,5\% \, (20 \, ^\circ \text{C})$, $\sigma_{100}^{900^\circ} = 469 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{100}^{900^\circ} = 292 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{100}^{1000^\circ} = 234 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{1000}^{1000^\circ} = 149 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{100}^{1050^\circ} = 173 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{1000}^{1050^\circ} = 113 \, \text{MPa}$; 

alloy VZhL22 + Ru (d = 8,76 g/cm³) — E = 120 GPa (20 °C), $\sigma_{0,2}^{20^\circ} = 950 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{B}^{20^\circ} = 1335 \, \text{MPa}$, $\delta = 10,5\% \, (20 \, ^\circ \text{C})$, $\sigma_{100}^{900^\circ} = 544 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{100}^{1000^\circ} = 268 \, \text{MPa}$, $\sigma_{100}^{1050^\circ} = 195 \, \text{MPa}$.

The work studies the microstructure, hardness, and tribological properties of a high-strength, high-nitrogen, martensitic-class structural steel. It has been found that the steel's structure consists of martensite, residual austenite, and excess nitride phases. The steel's hardness on the Rockwell scale ranges from 48,5 to 52,5 HRC, and on the Vickers scale it ranges from 580 to 640 HV₅. Tribological tests were conducted, resulting in a minimum average coefficient of friction of 0,45 and a minimum wear rate of 0,7∙10^-4 mm³/(N∙m).

The article shows the formation of the structural and phase state of 21NKMT steel, due to which high Q-factor values (>20000) of the oscillatory system of the resonating element of the gyroscope are realized. It is shown that the Q-factor values of the resonator do not directly depend on the hardness and coercive force of the steel. At the same time, the formation of the necessary two-phase α‒γ structure in 21NKMT steel during aging at 600 °C is accompanied by a sharp increase in coercive force, and a change in the structure during the second aging at 350 °C leads to an increase in the microhardness of the reversible austenite by 8 %.

In cast blades made of heat-resistant nickel alloys with an equiaxed structure for gas turbine units and engines, one of the main defects is shrinkage porosity, which is a stress concentrator, and reduces the properties of the material and the reliability of the blades. In the second part, the results of testing modern methods for minimizing porosity in the manufacture of large-sized blades of gas turbine units at the leading engine-building enterprises of the industry are presented.

Foundry magnesium alloys are used for the manufacture of complex-contoured castings of variable cross-section, during the production of which metallurgical defects may occur, such as underflows, small cracks, tears, shells, and microporosity. The use of gas-dynamic spraying of special powder compositions without heating is the most economical modern technological method to eliminate these defects. The article presents the results of scientific and technical research on the development ofpowder compositions for casting magnesium alloys of Mg–Al–Zn, Mg–Zn–Zr, Mg–REM–Zr systems.

This review examines various aspects of the application of the rare earth element europium. The main areas of its application in various industries are described. The historical aspect of the discovery of europium is shown. The results of studies on the effect of europium on the structure and mechanical properties of various cast aluminum alloys (silumins) are presented. Various theories and adsorption mechanisms explaining the processes of modification of eutectic and primary silicon with europium are considered.

The paper studies the problem of acoustic discomfort in an airplane cabin caused by noise of aerodynamic and structural origin. The main attention is paid to the methods of noise reduction using vibration-absorbing materials based on viscoelastic polymers. Physical mechanisms of vibration energy dissipation, in particular relaxation processes, in polymers are considered. Modern methods of investigation of vibration-absorbing characteristics are described, including dynamic mechanical analysis, analysis of amplitude-frequency and amplitude-time dependencies.

An overview of scientific information on the structure and properties of hybrid fiber metal laminate aluminum-polymer composite materials is given. The advantages of using fiberglass (in SIAL, GLARE) in comparison with aramid fiber (in ALOR, ARALL) and carbon fiber (in ALCAR, CARALL) are shown. The results of the review show that, in comparison with sheets made of monolithic aluminum alloys, aluminum-glass plastics have a unique set of properties: low density, high specific strength, increased crack resistance, resistance to shock loads, fire resistance and good maintainability. 

Vacuum annealing of the initially amorphous microwire of the (PrDy)–(CoFe)–B composition the magnetic properties of thin (d < 4 nm) nickel nanowires obtained by laser ablation of a metal target in superfluid helium were studied. It has been found that at low Ni concentrations the samples have a rectangular hysteresis loop, which becomes flatter with increasing Ni concentration on the substrate surface. At late stages of laser ablation the concentration and diameter of round Ni nanoparticles increase, which contributes to a decrease in the coercive force of the nanogrid and a deviation of the hysteresis loop shape from a rectangular one.

The article presents the study results on effect of natural aging in the climatic zones of Moscow and Gelendzhik on the structure and properties of carbon fiber based on phthalonitrile binder and 3D braided preform. Study results of carbon fiber surface degradation after natural aging under various conditions have been presented. Physical parameters such as density, amount of sorbed moisture, moisture and water absorption, stress-related properties of carbon fiber after natural aging compared to the initial values before exposure

The study aimed to investigate changes in the properties of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic VKU-39/VTkU-2.200 after six months of exposure in the temperate and warm climate of Gelendzhik. Various analysis methods, such as profilometry, gravimetry, thermomechanical analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis, were used for this purpose. Additionally, interlayer shear tests using the short beam method and longitudinal bending at different loading speeds were conducted. Based on the results of these tests, a thermal activation analysis was performed, which showed high sensitivity in determining durability at an early stage of weathering.

The article presents the study results of model paint and varnish compositions based on experimental hydroxyl-containing organosoluble acrylate copolymers.The chemical composition of the polymer matrix was assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, was determined the technological properties of the compositions, as well as physical, mechanical and decorative properties of coatings based on them, analyzed kinetics of curing. The possibility of using the studied copolymers in composition of paints and varnishes for obtaining coatings used in atmosphere conditions was determined.

A method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of the matrix element Co and alloying elements (Cr, Ni, W, Si, Mn, Fe, Mo, Ti, Ta, V) in cobalt alloys for various purposes by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry with preliminary microwave sample opening. A scheme for dissolving samples of cobalt alloys of different grades in a microwave decomposition system in 2 stages is described, which ensures the complete transition of the elements into solution. Analytical lines of elements free from significant spectral influences are selected. The metrological characteristics of the method are evaluated based on the results of the analysis of reference materials.

A numerical fatigue damage model for the nickel-based alloy VZh159 SLS was developed, accounting stochastic surface roughness and implementing a two-stage approach. The predicted fatigue life at Δε = 0.5 % and an elliptical crack with a ratio a/b = 2 was 7,725 cycles (–19 % error) compared to the experiment; at Δε = 0.4 % and a/b = 1: 23,043 cycles (–8 % error). A method for generating surface topography based on the spectral attenuation of periodic functions is proposed.

The thermophysical characteristics of sewing mats made of domestically produced high-temperature textile materials are investigated. A mathematical model has been developed for the passage of a heat front through samples in the operating temperature range of the tested material under conditions simulating operation in the construction of high-temperature furnaces. The experimental conditions correspond to the use of the material as thermal insulation for heat-treatment equipment. The test results of sewing mats of various densities under one-sided heating conditions are presented and the simulation results are compared with experimental data.

The impurities of 34 elements in tungsten by high-resolution glow discharge mass spectrometry was determined. The sample preparation for analysis is described. In order to achieve maximum analytical signals from all the elements corresponding equipment settings were selected. Spectral interferences were eliminated by using high resolution. Relative sensitivity coefficients for all determined elements were calculated using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.