Development of methods for thermal spraying of hardening tires based on tungsten and chromium carbides (review)

Druzhnova Ya.S.
Druzhnova Ya.S. Development of methods for thermal spraying of hardening tires based on tungsten and chromium carbides (review) // Proceedings of VIAM. 2022. No. 10. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2022-0-10-100-115. URL: https://test.viam.ru/en/journal/2022/10/9
Keywords
flame spraying, detonation spraying, plasma spraying, high-velocity oxygen fuel spraying, composite powder, ceramic-metal coatings, spray dry, mechanical alloying, spark plasma sintering
Abstract

Considers the trend of replacing galvanic chromium plating, used to protect steel parts from corrosion and wear, by gas-thermal coating methods using composite powders based on tungsten and chromium carbides. Varieties of thermal spraying, methods for manufacturing composite powders are considered, their advantages and disadvantages are described. It has been established that the most common method of applying wear-corrosion-resistant coatings is the high-velocity oxygen fuel spraying method. The example shows the superiority of such a coating compared to galvanic chromium plating. The direction of development in the field of manufacturing composite powders with the necessary technological properties to obtain wear-corrosion-resistant coatings with optimal characteristics is indicated.

Reference list
  1. Batienkov R.V., Burkovskaya N.P., Bolshakova A.N., Khudnev A.A. High temperature metal matrix composite materials (review). Trudy VIAM, 2020, no. 6–7 (89), paper no. 07. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: June 01, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2020-0-67-45-61.
  2. Matthews S., James B., Hyland M. High temperature erosion–oxidation of Cr3C2–NiCr thermal spray coatings under simulated turbine conditions. Corrosion Science, 2013, no. 70, pp. 203–211.
  3. Kaur M., Singh H., Prakash S. Surface engineering analysis of detonation-gun sprayed Cr3C2–NiCr coating under high-temperature oxidation and oxidation–erosion environments. Thermal Spray Technology, 2008, no. 18 (4), pp. 619–631.
  4. Barbezat G., Nicoll A.R., Sickinger A. Erosion and scuffing resistance of carbide and oxide ceramic thermal sprayed coatings for different applications. Wear, 1993, no. 162–164, pp. 529–537.
  5. Thakur L., Arora N., Jayaganthan R., Sood R. An investigation on erosion behavior of HVOF sprayed WC–CoCr coatings. Applied Surface Science, 2011, no. 258, pp. 1225–1234.
  6. Kamal S., Jayaganthan R., Prakash S. Evaluation of cyclic hot corrosion behaviour of detonation gun sprayed Cr3C2–25 % NiCr coatings on nickel- and iron-base superalloys. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2009, no. 203, pp. 1004–1013.
  7. Matthews S., James B., Hyland M. The role of microstructure in the high temperature oxidation mechanism of Cr3C2–NiCr composite coatings. Corrosion Science, 2009, no. 51, pp. 1172–1180.
  8. Wirojanupatump S., Shipway P.H., McCartney D.G. The influence of HVOF powder feedstock characteristics on the abrasive wear behaviour of CrxCy–NiCr coatings. Wear, 2001, no. 249, pp. 829–837.
  9. Sidhu T.S., Prakash S., Agrawal R.D. Hot corrosion studies of HVOF sprayed Cr3C2–NiCr and Ni–20Cr coatings on nickel-based superalloy at 900 °C. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2006, no. 201, рр. 792–800.
  10. Murthy J.K.N., Venkataraman B. Abrasive wear behavior of WC–CoCr and Cr3C2–20(NiCr) deposited by HVOF and detonation spray processes. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2006, no. 200, pp. 2642–2652.
  11. He J.H., Ice M., Schoenung M. et al. Thermal stability of nanostructured Cr3C2–NiCr coatings. Thermal Spray Technology, 2001, no. 10, pp. 293–300.
  12. Stein K.J., Schorr B.S., Marder A.R. Erosion of thermal spray MCr–Cr3C2 cermet coatings. Wear, 1999, no. 224, pp. 153–159.
  13. Li C.J., Wang Y.Y., Ohmori G.J.A., Khor K.A. Effect of solid carbide particle size on deposition behavior, microstructure and wear performance of HVOF cermet coatings. Materials Science and Technology, 2004, no. 20, pp. 1087–1096.
  14. Sidhu T.S., Prakash S., Agrawal R.D. Characterizations and Hot corrosion resistance of Cr3C2–NiCr coatings on nickel-based superalloy in aggressive environment. Thermal Spray Technology, 2006, no. 15 (4), pp. 811–816.
  15. Guilemany J.M., Fernandez J., Delgado J. et al. Effects of thickness coatings on the electrochemical behavior of thermal spray Cr3C2–NiCr coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2002, no. 153, pp. 107–113.
  16. Chatha S.S., Sidhu H.S., Sidhu B.S. High temperature hot corrosion behavior of NiCr and Cr3C2–NiCr coatings on T91 boiler steel in an aggressive environment at 750 °C. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2012, no. 206, pp. 3839–3850.
  17. Kamal S., Jayaganthan R., Prakash S. High temperature oxidation studies of detonation-gun-sprayed Cr3C2–NiCr coating on Fe- and Ni-based superalloys in air under cyclic condition at 900 °C. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, no. 472, pp. 378–389.
  18. Sidhu T.S., Prakash S., Agrawal R.D. Studies of the metallurgical and mechanical properties of high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed satellite-6 coating on Ni and Fe based superalloys. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2006, no. 201, pp. 273–281.
  19. Shuklaa V.N., Jayaganthanb R., Tewarib V.K. Degradation Behavior of HVOF-Sprayed Cr3C2–25 % NiCr Cermet Coatings Exposed to High Temperature. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2015, vol. 2, is. 4, pp. 1805–1813.
  20. Kablov E.N., Lukina E.A., Zavodov A.V., Efimochkin I.Yu. The formation of structure in ultrafine WC–Cо carbide material in the presence of inhibitory additives. Trudy VIAM, 2020, no. 4–5 (88), paper no. 10. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: June 16, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2020-0-45-89-99.
  21. Kozlov I.A., Leshchev K.A., Nikiforov A.A., Demin S.A. Cold spray coatings (review). Trudy VIAM, 2020, no. 8 (90), paper no. 08. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: June 21, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2020-0-8-77-93.
  22. Iatsyuk I.V., Doronin O.N., Kuko I.S. Secondary processing of cast tube cathodes when obtaining a metal powder composition for the gas-thermal spray of coatings. Trudy VIAM, 2021, no. 2 (96), paper no. 09. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: June 21, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2021-0-2-81-87.
  23. Chesnokov A.E. Influence of high-energy impacts on the microstructure of SHS metal-ceramic powders and gas-thermal coatings "titanium carbide-nichrome": thesis, Cand. Sc. (Tech.). Novosibirsk: Siberian Federal University, 2016, 118 p.
  24. Picas J.A., Xiong Y., Punset M. Microstructure and wear resistance of WC–Co by three consolidation processing techniques. Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 2009, no. 27, pp. 344–349.
  25. Rakesh B. Development of erosion corrosion resistant HVOF Sprayed Cr3C2‒NiCr coatings for boiler tube steels operating at elevated temperatures. Punjabi University, 2013, 252 p.
  26. Toma D., Brandl W., Marginean G. Wear and corrosion behaviors of thermally sprayed cermet coatings. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2001, vol. 138, no. 2–3, pp. 149–158.
  27. Zimakov S., Kulu P., Goljandin D. et al. Microstructured cermet powders for HVOF spraying. Welding & Powder Metallurgy, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 1–8.
  28. Żórawski W., Skrzypek S., Trpčevska J. Tribological Properties of Hypersonically Sprayed Carbide Coatings. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, FME Transactions, 2008, vol. 36, pp. 81–86.
  29. Jia K., Fisher T.E. Abrasion Resistance of Nanostructured and Conventional Cemented Carbides. Wear, 1996, no. 200, pp. 206–214.
  30. Jia K., Fisher T.E. Sliding Wear of Conventional and Nanostructured Cemented Carbides. Wear, 1997, no. 203–204, pp. 310–318.
  31. Cho T.Y., Yoon J.H., Kim K.S. et al. A Study on HVOF Coatings of Micron and Nano WC–Co Powders. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2008, no. 202, pp. 5556–5559.
  32. Guilemany J.M., Dosta S., Miguel J.R. The Enhancement on the Properties of WC–Co HVOF Coatings Through the Use of Nanostructured and Microstructured Feedstock Powders. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2006, no. 201, pp. 1180–1190.
  33. Agüero A., Camoʹn F., Garcıʹa de Blas J. et al. HVOF-Deposited WCCoCr as Replacement for Hard Cr in Landing Gear Actuators. Thermal Spray Technology, 2011, vol. 20 (6), pp. 1292–1309.