The optimization of thermosetting matrixes curing schedule on the example of complex shape sample

Khaskov M.A., Safronov E.V.
Khaskov M.A., Safronov E.V. The optimization of thermosetting matrixes curing schedule on the example of complex shape sample // Proceedings of VIAM. 2019. No. 12. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-12-46-54. URL: https://test.viam.ru/en/journal/2019/12/6
Keywords
thermosetting binders, polymer matrix composites, three-dimensional modeling, reaction kinetics, heat transfer, stress-strain interaction, chemical shrinkage, thermal expansion.
Abstract

The finite difference and finite elements methods are regarded for mathematic simulation of thermoset curing processes on the example of epoxy resin and amine hardener. The finite difference method was used to simulation of flat layer curing and simultaneous solution of heat transfer and chemical interaction problem. The finite element method was used for simultaneous three-dimensional numerical solution of heat transfer, chemical interaction and stress-strain problems during curing of complex-shape samples. The verified kinetics model obtained from differential scanning calorimetry was used. The literature data of the parameters of heat transfer, chemical shrinkage and thermal expansion were used for calculations.

Reference list
  1. Kablov E.N. Innovacionnye razrabotki FGUP «VIAM» GNC RF po realizacii «Strategicheskih napravlenij razvitiya materialov i tehnologij ih pererabotki na period do 2030 goda» [Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030»] // Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii. 2015. №1 (34). S. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
  2. Kablov E.N., Semenova L.V., Petrova G.N., Larionov S.A., Perfilova D.N. Polimernyye kompozitsionnyye materialy na termoplastichnoy matritse [Polymer composite materials on a thermoplastic matrix] // Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Ser.: Khimiya i khimicheskaya tekhnologiya. 2016. T. 59. №10. S. 61–71.
  3. Kovalenko A.V. Issledovanie svojstv svyazujushhego dlya formovaniya izdelij metodom propitki pod davleniem [Study of resin properties for forming of articles by resin transfer molding] // Trudy VIAM: electron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2015. №1. St. 06. Available at: http://viam-works.ru (accessed: September, 30 2019).
  4. Kablov E.N. Kompozity: segodnya i zavtra [Composites: today and tomorrow] // Metally Evrazii. 2015. №1. S. 36–39.
  5. Chawla K.K. Composite Materials: Science and Engineering. Springer, 2012. 565 p.
  6. Pascault J.P., Sautereau H., Verdu J., Williams R.J.J. Thermosetting polymers. N.Y.: Marcel Dekker AG, 2002. 477 p.
  7. Satdinov R.A., Istyagin S.E., Veshkin E.A. Analiz temperaturno-vremennyh parametrov rezhimov otverzhdeniya PKM s zadannymi harakteristikami [Analysis of the temperature-time parameters mode curing PCM with specified characteristics] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tehnich. zhurn. 2017. №3. St. 09. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: September, 30 2019). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2017-0-3-9-9.
  8. Khaskov M.A. Rasshireniye diagrammy «temperatura–vremya–prevrashcheniye» s uchetom teplofizicheskikh svoystv komponentov dlya optimizatsii rezhimov otverzhdeniya polimernykh kompozitsionnykh materialov [Extension of the temperature – time – transformation diagram taking into account the thermophysical properties of components to optimize the curing modes of polymer composite materials] // Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii. 2016. T. 89. №4. S. 93–101.
  9. Henry A. Thermal transport in polymers // Annual Review of Heat Transfer. 2014. Vol. 17. P. 485–520.
  10. Timoshkov P.N., Khrulkov A.V., Usacheva M.N., Purvin K.E. Tekhnologicheskiye osobennosti izgotovleniya tolstostennykh detaley iz PKM (obzor) [Technological features of the manufacture of thick-walled parts of the PCM (review)] // Trudy VIAM: elektron. nauch.-tekhnich. zhurn. 2019. №3 (75). St. 07. Available at: http://viam-works.ru (accessed: September, 30 2019). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2019-0-3-61-67.
  11. Cheverev V.G., Safronov E.V. Modelirovaniye promerzaniya gruntov pri peremennykh usloviyakh teplomassoobmena [Modeling soil freezing under variable conditions of heat-mass transfer] // Tez. dokl. konf. «Lomonosovskiye chteniya-2012». Available at http://geo.web.ru/pubd//2012/06/01/0001186421/pdf/cheverev_safronov_2012.pdf (accessed: October 15, 2019).
  12. Chena J.-Y., Jin Z., Yang K.-D. Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Viscoelastic Phase Separation under Shear: the Roles of Bulk and Shear Relaxation Moduli // Chinese Journal of Polymer Science. 2015. Vol. 33. No. 11. P. 1562–1573.
  13. Khoun L., Hubert P. Cure shrinkage characterization of an epoxy resin system by two in situ measurement methods // Polymer composites. 2010. Vol. 31. No. 9. P. 1603–1610.
  14. Chern B.-C., Moon T.J., Howell J.R., Tan W. New Experimental Data for Enthalpy of Reaction and Temperature- and Degree-of-Cure-Dependent Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity of the Hercules 3501-6 Epoxy System // Journal of Composite Materials. 2002. Vol. 36. No. 17. P. 2061–2072.
  15. Khaskov M.A., Melnikov D.A., Kotova E.V. Podbor temperaturno-vremennykh rezhimov otverzhdeniya epoksidnykh svyazuyushchikh s uchetom masshtabnogo faktora [Selection of temperature-time regimes for curing epoxy binders taking into account the scale factor] // Klei. Germetiki. Tekhnologii. 2017. T. 10. S. 24–32.
  16. Herman M.F. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology. John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2005. Vol. 2. 743 p.
  17. Flammersheim H.-J., Opfermann J.R. Investigation of epoxide curing reactions by differential scanning calorimetry – Formal kinetic evaluation // Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 2001. Vol. 286. No. 3. P. 143–150.
  18. Verhoeff J. Experimental study of the thermal explosion of liquids. Rijswijk: Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO, 1983. 202 p.
  19. Ciecierska E., Boczkowska A., Jan K., Kurzydlowski I., Rosca D., Hoa S.V. The effect of carbon nanotubes on epoxy matrix nanocomposites // Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2013. Vol. 111. No. 2. Р. 1019–1024.
  20. Menczel J.D., Prime R.B. Thermal Analysis of Polymers, Fundamentals and Applications. John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2009. 420 p.