Commercial silicone resin (review)

Part 1
Shitov R.O., Butuzov A.V.
Shitov R.O., Butuzov A.V. Commercial silicone resin (review). Part 1 // Proceedings of VIAM. 2023. No. 2. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2023-0-2-3-19. URL: https://test.viam.ru/en/journal/2023/2/1
Keywords
silicone resins, organosiloxanes, MQ-resins, silicone binders, heat-resistant siloxanes
Abstract

The analysis of literary and patent sources, advertising booklets of domestic and foreign companies on the properties and methods of production of commercial silicone resins has been carried out. The main types of classification of commercial silicone resins are outlined and structural factors are described: the type of organic radicals (R), R/S ratio, SiOх content, Ph/Me ratio and molecular weight. A brief overview is given in the field of market analysis of commercial silicone resins and the scope of products based on them. Practically significant methods of MQ-resins production are described, the latest insights into their structure and properties are shown.

Reference list
  1. Kablov E.N. Innovative developments of FSUE «VIAM» SSC of RF on realization of «Strategic directions of the development of materials and technologies of their processing for the period until 2030». Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii, 2015, no. 1 (34), pp. 3–33. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33.
  2. Kablov E.N. The role of fundamental research in the creation of new generation materials. Reports of the XXI Mendeleev Congress on General and Applied Chemistry: in 6 vols. St. Petersburg, 2019, vol. 4, p. 24.
  3. Kablov E.N. Materials of the new generation – the basis of innovation, technological leadership and national security of Russia. Intellekt i tekhnologii, 2016, no. 2 (14), pp. 42–47.
  4. Kablov E.N., Laptev A.B., Prokopenko A.N., Gulyaev A.I. Relaxation of polymeric composite materials under the prolonged action of static load and climate (review). Part 1. Binders. Aviation materials and technologies, 2021, no. 4 (65), paper no. 08. Available at: http://www.journal.viam.ru (accessed: August 10, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2021-0-4-70-80.
  5. Barinov D.Ya., Shorstov S.Yu., Razmahov M.G., Gulyaev A.I. Examination of thermophysical characteristics of a heat-protective material based on fiberglass during destruction. Aviation materials and technologies, 2021, no. 4 (65), paper no. 10. Available at: http://www.journal.viam.ru (accessed: August 10, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2713-0193-2021-0-4-91-97.
  6. Mukhametov R.R., Petrova A.P. Thermosetting binders for polymer composites (review). Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii, 2019, no. 3 (56), pp. 48–58. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2019-0-3-48-58.
  7. Davydova I.F., Kavun N.S. Plenochnye kremnijorganicheskie svyazuyushhie dlya stekloplastikov. Aviacionnye materialy i tehnologii, 2014, no. S2, pp. 15–18. DOI: 10.18577/2071-9140-2014-0-s2-15-18.
  8. High fracture toughness hydrosilyation cured silicone resin: pat. US 6689859B2; filed 05.03.02; publ. 10.02.04.
  9. Zhou W., Yang H., Guo X., Lu J. Thermal degradation behaviours of some branched and linear polysiloxanes. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2006, vol. 91 (7), pp. 1471–1475. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.10.005.
  10. Handbook of Silicone Materials. Ed. M. Tanimura. Tokyo: Dow Corning Toray Silicone, 1993. Ch. 7 (in Japanese), 299 p.
  11. Rochow E.G., Gilliam W.F. Polymeric methyl silicon oxides. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1941, vol. 63 (3), pp. 798–800.
  12. Methyl silicones and related products: pat. US 2258218; filed 01.08.39; publ. 07.10.41.
  13. Method for producing polyorganosiloxane resins for glass-textolite and glass-mica cylinders for electrical purposes: certificate of authorship No. 122876 USSR; filed 17.01.59; publ. 14.07.59.
  14. Method for obtaining organosilicon varnishes: certificate of authorship No. 127346 USSR; filed 28.03.56; publ. 10.10.60.
  15. Method for the manufacture of liquid polymethyl-phenylsiloxane resins: certificate of authorship No. 113047 USSR; filed 13.08.54; publ. 01.01.58.
  16. Method for obtaining polyorganoalkoxysilanes: certificate of authorship No. 274359 USSR; filed 23.06.67; publ. 24.06.70.
  17. Kitaeva N.S., Shiryakina Yu.M., Mukhametov R.R., Shitov R.O. Nikolay Semenovich Leznov: biography and contribution to the development of science. Trudy VIAM, 2021, no. 7 (101), paper no. 12. Available at: http://www.viam-works.ru (accessed: August 10, 2022). DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2021-0-7-112-124.
  18. History of aviation materials science. VIAM – 80 years: years and people. Moscow: VIAM, 2012, 520 p.
  19. Robeyns C., Picard L., Ganachaud F. Synthesis, characterization and modification of silicone resins: An «Augmented Review». Progress in Organic Coatings, 2018, vol. 125, pp. 287–315.
  20. Silicone Resins Market by Type (Methyl, Methyl Phenyl), Application, End-Use Industry (Automotive & Transportation, Building & Construction, Electrical & Electronics, Healthcare, Industrial) and Region – Global Forecast to 2026. Available at: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/silicone-resin-market-95422194.html (accessed: August 16, 2022).
  21. Baney R.H., Itoh Maki, Sakakibara Akihito, Suzuki Toshio. Silsesquioxanes. Chemical Reviews, 1995, vol. 95 (5), pp. 1409–1430.
  22. Hurd C.B. Studies on siloxanes. 1. The specific volume and viscosity in relation to temperature and constitution. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1946, vol. 68 (3), pp. 364–370.
  23. Brown L.H. Silicones in Protective Coatings. Treatise on Coatings. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1972, vol. 1, p. 513.
  24. Lee Smith. A., Winefordner J.D., Kolthoff I.M. The Analytical Chemistry of Silicones. Wiley Interscience. New York, 1991, pp. 150–155.
  25. Heilen W., Herrwerth S. Silicone Resins and their Combinations. Hanover: Vincentz Network, 2015, р. 112.
  26. Tatarinova E., Vasilenko N., Muzafarov A. Synthesis and Properties of MQ Copolymers: Current State of Knowledge. Molecules, 2017, vol. 22 (10), р. 1768.
  27. Vinogradov S.V., Polivanov E.A., Chuprova E.A. MQ resins. History and modernity. Glues. Sealants. Technology, 2015, no. 4, pp. 38–42.
  28. Organo-siloxanes and methods of making them: pat. US 2441320; filed 20.03.44; publ. 11.05.48.
  29. Copolymeric siloxanes and methods of preparing them: pat. US 2676182; filed 13.09.50; publ. 20.04.54.
  30. Organosiloxanes containing structural fragments of silicon dioxide in the main chain. Moscow: NIITEkhim, 1984, 38 p.
  31. Composite materials based on oligotriorganosiloxysiloxanes. Moscow: NIITEkhim, 1988, 34 p.
  32. Vinogradov S.V., Polivanov A.N., Chuprova E.A. Current state of MQ-resin technology. Vse materialy. Entsiklopedicheskiy spravochnik, 2010, no. 10, pp. 35–39.
  33. Arkles B. Commercial Applications of Sol-Gel-Derived Hybrid Materials. MRS Bulletin, 2001, vol. 26 (05), pp. 402–408.
  34. Flagg D.H., McCarthy T.J. Rediscovering Silicones: MQ Copolymers. Macromolecules, 2016, vol. 49, pp. 8581–8592.
  35. Donskoy A.A. Trends in the use of elastomeric sealants in the aviation industry and prospects for improving their properties. Klei. Germetiki. Tekhnologii, 2010, no. 1, pp. 24–27.
  36. Lewis L.N., Wengrovius J.H., Burnell T.B., Rich J.D. Powdered MQ Resin-Platinum Complexes and Their Use as Silicone-Soluble Hydrosilylation Cure Catalysts. Chemistry of Materials, 1997, vol. 9 (3), pp. 761–765.
  37. Di M., He S., Li R., Yan D. Radiation effect of 150 keV protons on methyl silicone rabber reinforced with MQ silicone resin. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2006, vol. 248 (1), pp. 31–36.
  38. Chen D., Chen F., Hu X. et al. Thermal stability, mechanical and optical properties of novel addition cured PDMS composites with nano-silica sol and MQ silicone resin. Composites Science and Technology, 2015, vol. 117, pp. 307–314.
  39. Amouroux N., Petit J., Leger L. Role of Interfacial Resistance to Shear Stress on Adhesive Peel Strength. Langmuir, 2001, vol. 17, pp. 6510–6517.
  40. Xiang H., Ge J., Cheng S. et al. Synthesis and characterization of titania/MQ silicone resin hybrid nanocomposite via sol-gel process. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2011, vol. 59, pp. 635–639.
  41. Shi X., Chen Z., Yang Y. Toughening of poly(L-lactide) with methyl MQ silicone resin. European Polymer Journal, 2014, vol. 50, pp. 243–248.
  42. Jia P., Liu H., Liu Q., Cai X. Thermal degradation mechanism and flame retardancy of MQ silicon/epoxy resin composition. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2016, vol. 134, pp. 144–150.
  43. Organo-Siloxanes and Methods of Making Them: pat. US 2441320; filed 20.09.1944; publ. 11.05.48.
  44. Siloxane Compositions which Form Ceramics at High Temperatures: pat. US 4269757; filed 18.01.80; publ. 26.05.81.
  45. Organopolysiloxane compositions having pressure-sensitive adhesive properties: pat. US 2857356; filed 08.07.54; publ. 21.10.58.
  46. Tough unsupported films formed from organopolysiloxanes: pat. US 3629358; filed 02.07.69; publ. 21.12.71.
  47. Method for the preparation of an organopolysiloxane containing tetrafunctional siloxane units: pat. US 5070175; filed 28.05.91; publ. 03.12.91.
  48. Organo-silicon copolymers and process of making same: pat. US 2562953; filed 06.03.47; publ. 07.08.51.
  49. Ganicz T., Pakula T., Stanczyk W.A. Novel liquid crystalline resins based on MQ siloxanes. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2006, vol. 691 (23), pp. 5052–5055.
  50. Suzuki T., Sakae Y., Kushibiki N., Mita I. Preparation and properties of inorgano-organiccomposite materials containing R3SiO1/2, SiO2 and TiO2 units. Chemistry of Materials, 1994, vol. 6 (5), pp. 692–696.
  51. Kuo C.-F.J., Chen J.-B., Shih C.-Y., Huang C.-Y. Silicone resin synthesized by tetraethoxysilane and chlorotrimethylsilane through hydrolisis-condensation reaction. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2014, vol. 131 (11), art. 40317.
  52. Egorova E.V., Vasilenko N.G., Demchenko N.V., Tatarinova E.A., Muzafarov A.M. Polycondensation of Alkoxysilanes in an Active Medium as a Versatile Method for the Preparation of Polyorganosiloxanes. Doklady Chemistry, 2009, vol. 424, pp. 15–18.
  53. Sharp K.G. A two-component, non-aqueous route to silica gel. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 1994, vol. 2, pp. 35–41.
  54. Zeitler V.A., Brown C.A. Tetrakistriphenylsiloxytitanium and Some Related Compounds. Journal of American chemical society, 1957, vol. 79 (17), pp. 4616–4618.
  55. Chugunov V.S. The syntheses of some triphenylmethyl- and trivinylcyclohexane. Russian Chemical Bulletin. Ser. Chem., 1957, vol. 11, pp. 1368.
  56. Sommer L.H., Creen L.Q., Whitmore F.C. Preparation of Organopolysiloxanes from Sodium Trimethylsilanolate. Journal of American chemical society, 1949, vol. 71, pp. 3253–3254.
  57. Andrianov K.A., Dabagova A.K., Syrzova Z.S. Heterofunctional cocondensation of methyl(phenyl)acetoxysilanes with organosilicon compounds containing silicon-attached ethoxy groups. Russian Chemical Bulletin. Ser. Chem., 1962, vol. 9, pp. 1487–1491.
  58. Improvements in or Relating to co-Polymeric Siloxanes and the Application Thereof: pat. GB 706719; filed 27.07.51; publ. 07.04.54.
  59. Copolymeric siloxanes and methods of preparing them: pat. US 2676182; filed 13.09.50; publ. 20.04.54.
  60. Organopolysiloxane adhesive and pressure-sensitive adhesive tape containing same: pat. US 2814601; filed 29.04.54; publ. 26.11.57.
  61. Lentz C.W. Silicate minerals as sources of trimethylsilil silicates and silicate structure analysis of sodium silicate solution. Inorganic Chemistry, 1964, vol. 3 (4), pp. 574–579.
  62. Cervantes J., Rodnguez-Rodnguez E., Guzman-Andrade J.J. et al. Trimethylsilylation of natural silicates: Useful route toward polysiloxanes. Silicon Chemistry, 2003, vol. 2, pp. 185–194.
  63. Organo-siloxanes: pat. US 2486162; filed 26.02.42; publ. 25.10.49.
  64. Organo-siloxanes and method of making them: pat. US 2458944; filed 20.03.42; publ. 11.01.49.
  65. Process for preparing a silicone resin: pat. US 2009/0093605; filed 19.12.06; publ. 09.04.09.